Rabi Oscillations in Systems with Small Anharmonicity

When a two-level quantum system is irradiated with a microwave signal, in resonance with the energy difference between the levels, it starts Rabi oscillation between those states. If there are other states close, in energy, to the first two, the Rabi signal will also induce transition to those. Here, we study the probability of transition to the third state, in a three-level system, while a Rabi oscillation between the first two states is performed. We investigate the effect of pulse shaping on the probability and suggest methods for optimizing pulse shapes to reduce transition probability.Comment: 7 pages, 7 figure

The application of BIM tools to explore the dynamic characteristics of smart materials in a contemporary Shanashil building design element

Traditional architecture is known for its crafted facade features that respond to environmental, social and cultural requirements. Contemporary architecture produced façade features that attempted to enhance local design identity and local culture. Despite the advantages of modern technology, architectural elements have difficulties in fulfilling the idea of sustainable elegance that once traditional elements provided. This problem calls for an interdisciplinary design approach to deliver sustainable design solutions that positively adapt to the surrounding environment as well as maintain the state of elegance in design. With this in mind, the research aims to explore the role of new glass technologies to improve the performance and at the same time maintain the design value of traditional façade element “shanashil” in Baghdadi buildings. This research utilises BIM tools and uses smart materials to restore the lost value in design, which mimics the dynamic characteristics observed in nature, inspired by biomimetics strategies. Such qualities are found in the characteristics of smart dynamic glazing material particularly in the switchable, reversible properties of transparency and coloration efficiency. The material characteristics are attached to a 3D digital prototype to visualise the difference between dynamic and static properties through the use of technology tools Revit plugin and smart glazing virtual reality prototype. This research concludes that the dynamic characteristics of smart glazing materials are effective in delivering a multifunctional design quality to collectively blend in harmony with the surrounding environment

Generalized London free energy for high-TcT_c vortex lattices

We generalize the London free energy to include four-fold anisotropies which could arise from d-wave pairing or other sources in a tetragonal material. We use this simple model to study vortex lattice structure and discuss neutron scattering, STM, Bitter decoration and $\mu$SR experiments.Comment: REVTeX, 4 pages, 2 .ps figures included, submitted to PR